The Cold War :: American America History

The wintry WarA war that has attaind controversy amongst two of the greatest world leaders, joined States of America and The Soviet Union, is known as The Cold War. A dispute between once allied countries arose in the Post-WWII era. The coupled States and the Allied Powers faced many challenges at the abate of WWII. Americas policy was one that contained the spread of communism in Eastern Europe. Russia, under Lenins rule called for a world revolution and brought the unite States into it. It was non until after WWII, that the icy war really began, when the political power of the world shifted from the center of Europe to Moscow and Washington. The Cold War began after the collapse of Germany in May 1945(http//www. rimywar.org/indexrus.html). The establishment of the cold war came from the disagreements for postwar Europe and the Far East. Each superpower, the joined States, Britain, France and Russia had their own idea of how postwar Europe should look, and many of their idea s clashed. The Cold War arose not from one isolated event, but from the different ideologies and interests between the Soviet Union and the west. Also the Russian government was seeking revenge on the United States because the United States did not enter the war effort soon enough and that caused for more Russian casualties. After WWII After WWII, Germany was divided into four zones and occupied by Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union. Berlin itself was occupied by the western powers however, it was surrounded by the Soviet zone. Between 1947 and 1948 cooperation between these powers broke down. The west decided to seduce a crystalize government in their zones. To prevent this, the Soviets increasingly harassed the western traffic to and from Berlin. Russia was trying to spread communism, abolish democracies, and spread poverty. Thus creating the Berlin Blockade, which forced America to create the Berlin Airlift. This created a greater controversy between the United States. This controversys caused spies to enter into the oppositions country. Russia V.S. United States The most visible part of the cold war was the arms race. Massive and pricey militarization movements, especially nuclear weaponry on the part of both nations involved caused a new psychology to develop. The theory of total destruction of the some other(a) country was based on three ideas. One both nations have enough weapons do destroy the other, two both nations can detect a first strike before it arrives, and three both nations are able to respond adequately before they are hit by the first strike.The Cold War American America HistoryThe Cold WarA war that has created controversy amongst two of the greatest world leaders, United States of America and The Soviet Union, is known as The Cold War. A dispute between once allied countries arose in the Post-WWII era. The United States and the Allied Powers faced many challenges at the send away of WWII. Americas policy wa s one that contained the spread of communism in Eastern Europe. Russia, under Lenins rule called for a world revolution and brought the United States into it. It was not until after WWII, that the cold war really began, when the political power of the world shifted from the center of Europe to Moscow and Washington. The Cold War began after the collapse of Germany in May 1945(http//www.coldwar.org/indexrus.html). The earth of the cold war came from the disagreements for postwar Europe and the Far East. Each superpower, the United States, Britain, France and Russia had their own idea of how postwar Europe should look, and many of their ideas clashed. The Cold War arose not from one isolated event, but from the different ideologies and interests between the Soviet Union and the west. Also the Russian government was seeking revenge on the United States because the United States did not enter the war effort soon enough and that caused for more Russian casualties. After WWII After WWII, Germany was divided into four zones and occupied by Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union. Berlin itself was occupied by the western powers however, it was surrounded by the Soviet zone. Between 1947 and 1948 cooperation between these powers broke down. The west decided to create a separate government in their zones. To prevent this, the Soviets increasingly harassed the western traffic to and from Berlin. Russia was trying to spread communism, abolish democracies, and spread poverty. Thus creating the Berlin Blockade, which forced America to create the Berlin Airlift. This created a greater controversy between the United States. This controversys caused spies to enter into the oppositions country. Russia V.S. United States The most visible part of the cold war was the arms race. Massive and expensive militarization movements, especially nuclear weaponry on the part of both nations involved caused a new psychology to develop. The theory of total destruction of th e other country was based on three ideas. One both nations have enough weapons do destroy the other, two both nations can detect a first strike before it arrives, and three both nations are able to respond adequately before they are hit by the first strike.

Baghban :: Ravi Chopra

The story starts as Raj is on the verge of his loneliness and now he wants to spend more season with his family comprising of wife, children and grand-children. Raj and Pooja spend forty years together. They are very compatible. In their whole life they tried to give their sons a comfortable life. As for example when Aman necessarily a loan and Raj readily offers it to him even though he is retiring. He does this because he believes that his successful sons will do anything to take care of their parents. But as a matter of fact fate has stored something else for Raj and Pooja.Raj takes early retirement from the bank to spend some more quality time with his wife Pooja. They couple ideate that now it is their childrens responsibility to take care of them. But unfortunately none of them are actually agreeable to do so. At the time of retirement Raj has no money and that is why his children are indecisive to take their parents. The avoid eth whole case Malhotra children decide some ridiculous thing. They say that the mother would expect with Aman, who is the eldest one. They also decide that father will stay with the second son i.e. Samir. After six months, they would shift to the third and fourth sons i.e. Sahil and Nasir respective(prenominal)ly. The reason croup taking this decision by the children was something else. They thought that their parents would never be ready to live without one another. But as Pooja requests a lot Raj could not cover them even if he does not like the whole idea of separation with Pooja. Raj eventually agrees with the decision taken by his four sons. When they go with them in their respective houses, their children as well as maids start ill-treating them. Raj and Pooja feels exhausted and wants to get rid of this loneliness. While living with the second son, Raj used to go to a cafe, run by Paresh Rawal and Lilette Dubey. They use to call him couch potato i.e. big brother. To kill his leisure time Raj starts looking upon th e cafes account and also writing a book on family values and thoughts. The limit of their tolerance breaks down when the sons forget their parents anniversary and scheduled for their parents journey to the alternate sons. Raj and Pooja meets in a place where they met at their first anniversary.

The Empirical Reality of Walden Two of B.F. Skinner Essay -- Psycholog

The Empirical Reality of Walden deuceB.F. muleteers Walden Two is the off-key account of an eclectic groups visit to a modern utopian community started by psychologist T.E. Frazier. Authors often delineate perfect societies in novels, as the subject holds wide appeal and great creative opportunity. Aldous Huxley envisioned a Brave New World Lois Lowry wove the tale of The Giver. What sets Walden Two apart from such(prenominal) books? scarce stated, Skinners work truly does not seem as if it belongs in the fantasy or fiction genre, as the otherwises do. The novel reads as an real experiment, albeit one performed in a text-only version of the world. The author perfectly follows the steps of a scientific investigation throughout the plot, see nearly all goals of the scientific enterprise. This approach leaves readers practically incapable of brushing the novels bold statements off as fiction to do so feels equivalent to denying a turn up reality. For a positive future, it is only common sense that a generation of healthy children must be raised. A still family unit and personal solicitude seem logical ways to rear successful young people. Yet statistics show that in 2003, approximately 37,000 marriages and 21,000 divorces occurred in Kentucky other states showed very similar ratios, such as Ohio, with about 73,000 marriages and 40,000 divorces (NVSR, Pg. 6). Clearly, many students already have broken homes as obstacles, but the homogenoustreatment of children in schools adds take down more difficulty. Despite preexist differences in personal preferences, subject aptitudes, and upbringings, for instance, the system calls for children to move along a determined national curriculum of academic acceptabilit... ...hiatry Vol. 8, no. 1. 2003 . United States. Center for infirmity Control and Prevention. National Center for HealthStatistics. National Vital Statistics Reports Vol. 52 Num. 22. Births, Marriages,Divorces, and Deaths Prov isional Data for 2003. 10 June 2004. WebMD Health. Health cast A-Z Stress Management. Effects of Stress. rapscallion 2. 4Nov. 2002. . Weiten, Wayne. The Research Enterprise in Psychology. Psychology Themes andVariations. 6th ed. 2005. The Empirical Reality of Walden Two of B.F. Skinner Essay -- PsychologThe Empirical Reality of Walden TwoB.F. Skinners Walden Two is the fictitious account of an eclectic groups visit to a modern utopian community started by psychologist T.E. Frazier. Authors often depict perfect societies in novels, as the subject holds wide appeal and great creative opportunity. Aldous Huxley envisioned a Brave New World Lois Lowry wove the tale of The Giver. What sets Walden Two apart from such books? Simply stated, Skinners work truly does not seem as if it belongs in the fantasy or fiction genre, as the others do. The novel reads as an actual experiment, albeit one performed in a text-only version of the world. The author perfectly follows the steps of a scientific investigation throughout the plot, meeting nearly all goals of the scientific enterprise. This approach leaves readers practically incapable of brushing the novels bold statements off as fiction to do so feels equivalent to denying a proven reality. For a positive future, it is only common sense that a generation of healthy children must be raised. A stable family unit and personal attention seem logical ways to rear successful young people. Yet statistics show that in 2003, approximately 37,000 marriages and 21,000 divorces occurred in Kentucky other states showed very similar ratios, such as Ohio, with about 73,000 marriages and 40,000 divorces (NVSR, Pg. 6). Clearly, many students already have broken homes as obstacles, but the homogenoustreatment of children in schools adds even more difficulty. Despite pre-existing differences in personal preferences, subject aptitudes, and upbringings, for instance, the system calls for children to m ove along a determined national curriculum of academic acceptabilit... ...hiatry Vol. 8, No. 1. 2003 . United States. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for HealthStatistics. National Vital Statistics Reports Vol. 52 Num. 22. Births, Marriages,Divorces, and Deaths Provisional Data for 2003. 10 June 2004. WebMD Health. Health Guide A-Z Stress Management. Effects of Stress. Page 2. 4Nov. 2002. . Weiten, Wayne. The Research Enterprise in Psychology. Psychology Themes andVariations. 6th ed. 2005.

Anton Chekhovs Selected Stories :: Selected Stories Essays

Anton Chekhov is a master at showing aspects of real flavour how fed up people are, how it unfeignedly is without theeveryday pleasantries, and how exploitable people are by oneanother. Chekhov uses these three aspects with greatmastery to show his form of real life in his Selected Stories.Chekhov shows how fed up people are with one another inhis short drool the Jailer Jailed. This story is about aman, who is a prosecuting attorney, is actually living inhis own jail being married to his wife who lets him donothing but wait on her hand and foot. I understand whatit means to be in jail This quote explains just how theman feels living his life the way he is. The above is adirect example in life as how fed up people are. It justmakes weird sense that a man with so much power with peopledoesnt have a prayer with his wife.Milksop is another one of Chekhovs stories showinghow real life is, but this particular one depicts lifewithout its pleasantries. This story is about a reporter who wants to be invited to this prestigious party but cantgo because he works for the press. This shows real lifewithout its pleasantries. Because the man couldnt get intothe party because he was a reporter, his humankind power failedhim. A Nincompoop also shows real life as Chekhov sees it,but this particular one depicts how exploitable people areby one another. This story begins with a womens payday. unless, to her surprise her employer starts to deduct forthings she has broken and for other dumb reasons. When hegets all done all she is left with is eleven out of sixtyrubles. But she takes them gladly anyway. Then heremployer asks if she thinks this is fair, and she agrees. Then her employer says that she is stupid and gives her the

Atomic Bomb :: essays research papers

Just before the beginning of World War II, Albert mavin wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Urged by Hungarian-born physicists Leo Szilard, Eugene Wingner, and Edward Teller, Einstein told Roosevelt about Nazi German efforts to purify Uranium-235 which might be used to build an atomic bomb. Shortly after that the United States Government began work on the Manhattan understand. The Manhattan Project was the code name for the United States effort to develop the atomic bomb before the Germans did. "The first successful experiments in splitting a atomic number 92 atom had been carried out in the autumn of 1938 at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin"(Groueff 9) just after Einstein wrote his letter. So the race was on. Major General Wilhelm D. Styer called the Manhattan Project "the most important job in the war . . . an all-out effort to build an atomic bomb."(Groueff 5) It turned out to be the biggest development in state of war and sciences biggest development this century. The most complicated issue to be addressed by the scientists working on the Manhattan Project was "the production of ample amounts of enriched uranium to sustain a chain reaction."(Outlaw 2) At the time, Uranium-235 was hard to extract. Of the Uranium ore mined, only about 1/500 th of it ended up as Uranium metal. Of the Uranium metal, "the fissile isotope of Uranium (Uranium- 235) is relatively rare, occurring in Uranium at a ratio of 1 to 139."(Szasz 15) Separating the one part Uranium-235 from the 139 parts Uranium-238 proved to be a challenge. "No ordinary chemical extraction could divide the two isotopes. Only mechanical methods could effectively separate U-235 from U-238."(2) Scientists at Columbia University solved this difficult problem. A " vast enrichment laboratory/plant"(Outlaw 2) was built at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. H. C. Urey, his associates, and colleagues at Columbia University designed a system that "work ed on the principle of gaseous diffusion."(2) After this litigate was completed, "Ernest O. Lawrence (inventor of the Cyclotron) at the University of California in Berkeley implemented a process involving magnetic separation of the two isotopes."(2) Finally, a gas centrifuge was used to further separate the Uranium-235 from the Uranium-238. The Uranium-238 is forced to the bottom because it had more mass than the Uranium-235. "In this manner uranium-235 was enriched from its normal 0.7% to weapons grade of more than 90%."(Grolier 5) This Uranium was then transported to "the Los Alamos, N.

The Gross Clinic :: essays research papers

In 1874, Thomas Eakins took a second course in anatomy at Jefferson Medical College. He attend surgical lectures and clinics presided over by Professor Samuel D. Gross. Eakins painted The Gross Clinic, to show the emotion involved in medical procedures.It appears as if the doctors performing the surgery score emotionally removed themselves from the situation at hand. By removing themselves from the emotional aspects of the surgery, the doctors can complete the task much easier than they would harbour been able to do if they had become emotionally attached to the patient. Had the doctors been emotionally involved in the surgery, they would have become more prone to making errors while operating on the patient because they would be opinion more of their feelings than they would about the surgery in progress. Although emotions are great and necessary things, sometimes trying to remove them is for the best.Another thing noticed by the smasher is the veiled woman crying next to the doctor. She is very involved in this operation by letting her emotions freely show themselves. This woman could be the get or siblings of the patient, and while she knows that the surgery was necessary to save or improve the life of her beloved, it is difficult to watch. By putting emotions out into the open, as the woman has done, makes them easier to convey with. Keeping feelings bottled up inside can cause breakdowns and emotional instability. This adds another layer of complexity to the surgery. Performing the task would require enough of the doctors skill, but swagger emotion into the equation, and the work, mentally as well as physically, is doubled.In the painting, Gross appears to be feeling a various assortment of emotions. He has paused his surgery and lecture, to late think about something. While he must keep his feelings in check, he also needs to by sincere for the sake of the patients mother and the students in the surgical amphitheatre. The head of the doctor is p laced against a dark background, making it stand out. This creates a dividing layer of emotions. This emotion layer divides the onlookers, who have no real intentions other than to observe the lecture, from the actual participants involved in the surgery. The people in the foreground, whether fighting to get rid of them or choosing to let them to time period out, are dealing with some sort of feelings.

Benefits of computing gross profit on sales in contrast to contribution margin Essay

The computation of gain expediency on sales, which can be derived under the absorption be approach, is a profitability measure normally conducted under financial analysis. This accounting ratio outlines the gross profit generated from every $century of sales. Such measure is extremely useful in financial analysis, because it provides indications on the profitability potential and cost efficiency of the company. For instance, if there was an increase in sales of 10%, but the gross profit borderline declined by 4%.This indicates that the cost efficiency of the organization deteriorated during the period. Such analysis cannot be conducted under the contribution gross profit approach, because gross profit is not present. However, under the contribution margin approach one can calculate the contribution to sales ratio which indicates the contribution determined from every $100 of sales. This would also provide indications on the control of variable costs once compared over time.Diff erence in Net Income arising from different approaches.In the example of first principle Company the profit under the two methods is the same. However, this is not always the case. Profits under the two methods differ whenever there is movement in inventory. This is receivable to the position that since under the absorption costing technique fixed manufacturing costs are included in the cost of goods sold, a proportion of fixed costs entrust be included in inventory leading to such a difference.Contribution margin approach not allowable for external reporting.The contribution margin approach, despite being highly useful to provide valuable information for decision making, is not acceptable for external reporting. This is due to the fact that it does not stick with with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).For example, under the GAAP the income statement layout should clearly outline the gross profit made by the company. Under the contribution margin method this is not highlighted. Another important reason why the absorption approach is allowable for external reporting and not the contribution approach is due to the way in which the income statement is classified ad.The GAAP state that the income statement is classified by function, like under the absorption method. In the contribution approach it is classified by cost behavior. Indeed separation between fixed and variable costs is made under such method. This conflicts with another requirement of the GAAP.ReferenceDrury C. (1996). instruction and Cost Accounting. Fourth Edition. New York International Thomson Business Press.

Job Fair Paper

Angela French Job Fair 04/14/2010 Miryan Nogueira BUS/210 The three main focuses of the job fair brochure that I am concentrating on for our caller-out are The structure of the company, the business model and the culture. I give birth divided it into three main points. First, a brief history of who we are and when we began and the growth that we have experienced as company. When an employee can see the history of the company and the success that has been accomplished the fear factor diminishes.I think it is of import to show the future employee that we care about them and their needs as a person. We recognize that we all have certain needs that need to be met. Second, and possibly the most important, what the benefits to the stave are. In Maslows needs hierarchy theory he talks about what truly motivates someone in their job. At the bottom of the pyramid is the physiological need. The staple fibre need for things such as food and water. formerly these needs are met you can star t thinking about other needs.Next fuck offs the security need. That is where the benefits come into play. I think in todays job market, benefits play a huge role. You have to show your employees how much you care for them and their families. If you can pay off the two bottom needs of Maslows needs hierarchy theory the other three needs that he talks about will be easier met. Once an employee starts to satisfy those needs comparable the next one of esteem needs the last need of self actualization is easily obtained and you have a terrific employee.Third, company culture. In having other employees make statements in the brochure helps. In Maslow pyramid, the third need is the belongingness need. By hearing from other employees the prospective employee can undertake a feel of the culture and family like atmosphere of our company. I think the feeling of belonging to something bigger than you is a big motivation. If you make an employee feel like they are part of the reason for your success you will get a much better response and a better work ethic from them. earreach this first hand from current employees help them visualize working for your company. Therefore, a good job fair brochure will highlight all the important parts of your company. The most important aspects of the business. The first being the structure of the company. Second, the business model and third, the culture of the company. If all of these aspects are highlighted in the brochure you will be able to entice many applicants for your business.

Bosch India

Submitted by Group E 12 Simon Mohsin Jonas Noel Surojeet Bosch India Bosch is a leading supplier of technology and function in the aras of simple machinemobilemotive and industrial technology, consumer goods and building technology in India. The Bosch Group operates in India through six companies, viz, Bosch Limited, Bosch Chassis Systems India Limited, Bosch Rexroth India Limited, Robert Bosch Engineering and Business Solutions Limited, Bosch Automotive Electronics India Pvt Ltd, Bosch galvanic Drives India Pvt Ltd.In India, Bosch set up its manufacturing operation in 1953, which has grown oer the years to hold 13 manufacturing sites and seven development and application centres. The Bosch Group in India employs over 25,000 associates. In India, it generated con fastated revenue of over Rs. 11,300 crores in 2011. Bosch Limited is the flagship corporation of the Bosch Group in India. It earned revenue of over Rs. 8000 crores in 2011. The business sectors of Bosch accept Autom otive technology, Industrial technology, Consumer Goods and Building Technology, and Engineering and IT services.Vision Creating Value, Sharing Values. Mission To improve the quality of life with Bosch products and enabling customers by maximizing value as an shoreward partner in technology and business solutions. ENVIRONMENT SCANNING Competitive structure of labor The Auto Comp hotshotnts sector in India registered a strong produce rate of 36. 3% as comp argondto 30. 6% developing rate in FY2010. The revenue growth in the domestic automotive comp cardinalnt mart raise be attributed to the reduction in grave duties on certainvehicles and the grant of 100% foreign investment in the member sector.However, poor commercialize sentiments, increase food & antiophthalmic factor fuel prices and interest rates took their toll, what with the sale of passenger cars in October 2011 falling to the lowest in two years forcing the industry to lash forward assisting forecasts. The widenin g price differential between petrol and diesel has further favoured the take for diesel cars. This notwithstanding, OEMs continued to launch sore models in all market segments especially passenger cars.Overall, the automotive sector was able to sustain double digit growth aided by a solid performance in the first half of the year 2011 and partially aided by stable rural demand. Factors affecting the Industry Economic * The auto adjuvant industry has been one of the fastest growing sectors in the Indian economy. It has a CAGR of 24% over the last 5 years. It had a sale of Rs 1600 billion in the year 2010-11. * Capacity utilisation rates of the auto ancillary sector as awhole decreased significantly in light of rock-bottom exports andslowdown in the domestic markets. The industry track downers had to grapple with the issues of extreme volatility in rupee and input equal and as a consequence, tremendous haul was witnessed on margins. * In terms of international trade, the auto co mponents industry grew rapidly in both exports and imports over last 5 years. Political * The government has interpreted manyinitiatives to promote foreign direct investment (FDI) inthe industry. * Automatic approval for foreign equity investment upto 100% of manufacture of automobiles and components is permitted. * The automobile industry has beende-licensed. There are no restraints on import of components. * To identify the necessary activities, the DHI (Development of Heavy Industries) has setup the Development Council for Automotive and Allied Industries (DCAAI) * The Governments infrastructure initiatives such asthe Golden Quadrilateral project and NHDP (National Highway Development Program) also excite anindirect favorable effect on the industry. Technological The auto components industry is a very technology-intensive industry. Historically, Indias strength in exports has lied in forgings, castings and plastics.But this is changing with more component manufactures investing in up gradation of technology in recent years. The organised sector has change magnitude heighten on quality and has been recommended setting up of an auto design centre at National install of Design (NID), Ahmadabad. The DHI has recommended the creation of a Rs 1000 crore modernization/automotive development. ACMA has also spoken about a similar fund. Social Social environment is in and of itself linked with automobile sector and has changed the demand to the tune of preferences of customers in major way. 1.Business is booming asthe Indian middle class isincreasing its consumption. 2. The increased way on environment sector has also resulted in companies researching in developing parts to use life force efficiently and reduce carbon emissions. 3. Also more and more companies are getting ISO 14001 certification (Environment Management System). 4. Entry of global players has also necessitated a change in the organisation culture. Competitive position of Bosch India hollow Comp etencies Bosch core competency revolves around developing mellow class innovative products and achieving cost leadership.For that it invests heavily in R&D and focus on a lean efficient system in highly competitive environment of auto component sector. With investments in R&D, Bosch is able to focus more on cleaner and stinting product. Also with economies of scale and skilled, educated workforce of India, it is able to reduce cost. 1. High market place Share With a market share of almost 95%, it has a virtual monopoly in the Diesel Fuel Injection Equipment. 2. Technological competencies a. Manufactures modern gasoline and diesel engine systems of high quality, cleaner and economical. . Diesel Fuel Injection Equipment (FIE) has been the core business of Bosch Ltd. , right from its inception in 1951. c. TodayMICO (Motor Industries Co. Ltd. , a Bosch company) continues to be a supplier of FIE to a majority of Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) with a market share of over 81%. d. MICOhas also earned a place for itself, in the Bosch world, where it has been identified as circle round of Competence for Single Cylinder pumps, Multi-Cylinder Inline (Aand P type) and Distributor pumps (Mechanical and Electronic type). 3.Alternative Energy MICO Bosch is moving towards energies such as electricity while also improving exist power train technologies, including diesel systems, gasoline direct injection and hybrids to reduce the energy from conventional resources. It has also taken up bio diesel and CNG technologies to address energy challenges. 4. Service In India 50 per cent of Boschs current business is accounted for by the diesel segment. Bosch positions itself as a one-stop shop for sales and service and to retain available the entire range of products to those who come for service.Bosch is expanding the product range in this business by bringing some of its global technology products into India. It is also intend to manufacture some of these produc ts in India. A CORE COMPETENCY CENTRE has been created in the country to manufacture these equipments in the MICO production complex. 5. tone MICO Bosch has ISO Certified Quality Management System. Certified Locations are MICO, Incorporated MICO Europe ltd. and MICO Mexico. Sources of Competitive Advantage 1. The company is highly centralised by the headquarters in Germany. The headquarters keeps things severely under control.Strategic departments such as Research and Development, Corporate Identity, Production, Purchase and External affairs are based in Stuttgart and dictated to the worldwide subsidiaries. Decentralised are only operational departments like Personnel, Sales or Accounting. Furthermore, decisions given to responsibility of subsidiaries are mostly of operative quality only. 2. Based on the business outline that complies with the value chain and support activities, the company holds the competitive advantage of selling products at a price radically less than the off er of its competitors. . Global R&D hub Over the years, focus on producing innovative products with continued R&D has led to many firsts like ABS, EPS, PAS , FIE etc and thus has provided competitive edge in industry. 4. Large Contact Base MICO has a large supplier and customer base and maintains a long term relationship with them. VRIN synopsis of Strategic capabilities Bosch capabilities satisfy the following 4 conditions 1. Valuable Boschs capability to manufacture high quality diesel and gasoline systems provide cleaner and economical alternatives, thus adding value for the customer. . Rare Bosch has pioneered the R&D in these technologies, and remains highly innovative to differentiate its products. Most component manufacturers fall into story III and Tier IV. Bosch is one of the rare Tier I manufacturers. 3. Costly to Imitate Bosch also has been building these capabilities over many years. Huge R&D investments prohibit others to imitate Boschs Technology. 4. Non-substitutable In this technology-intensive industry, having high quality and efficient products is the only way to gain competitive advantage. Opportunities and ThreatsBased on the above abstract of the external and competitive environment, we can identify the opportunities and threats as follows. Opportunities 1. Domestic Investments and Growth a. The size of the Indian automotive industry is expected to grow at 13 per cent per annum to reach around US$ 130 billion to US$ 150 billion by 2016. b. The demand growth at 14% CAGR makes India one of the fastest growing markets. c. Though Indias auto component industry has conventionally relied on exports for its profits, the domestic market itself is ripe with rapidly growing opportunities. . Industry experts are hopeful that the country testament be able to offset China and other Southeast Asian countries traditional manufacturing advantage in the coming years, facilitating the industrys proceeding of its targeted market value o f US$ 40 billion by 2014. e. During the quarter ended June 2009, all costs as a percentage of sales form seen a decline except for power, oil and fuel costs. Raw material costs have contributed the maximum to improvement in margins as these costs have come down from 63. 3 per cent in March 2008 to 57 per cent in June 2009. . The relaxation of FDI norms for the small-scale sector could emerge as one of the key growth drivers in the long run. g. With investments around US$ 15 billion slated for the sector over the next few years, the prospects for Indias auto market look very bright indeed. 2. Huge Labour Force a. With 400,000 engineering graduates every year, out of which 7 million enter the workforce, there is a huge egress of labour force. b. Skilled labour costs in India are also among the lowest in the world. 3. Linked to Automobile SectorThe opportunities for the industry are also laced to the fortunes of the automobile industry. As the Porters Five Forces Analysis showed abo ve, auto manufacturers hold the greatest influence. a. The automobile sector is cyclical and dependent on the growth of the economy and improvement in infrastructure. Factors like increased public spending, favorable interest rates and general improvement in per capita income point towards higher demand for automobiles in the future. b. There has been a conscious effort by auto manufacturers to improve productivity of their suppliers (i. e. component providers) in the past few years. Though the phone subroutine of active vendors has declined significantly for auto manufacturers, technology transfer and fresh fund infusions have resulted in improved productivity in the remaining ones. c. The growing Chinese automotive market also presents attractive business opportunities for automotive component manufacturers for exports. Threats 1. Lower shores a. Highly competitive Margins are likely to come under compel in the long term because as competition increases, auto manufacturers wil l find it difficult to increase prices and will try to cut costs.The burden will eventually fall on auto ancillary players. b. Consolidation As manufacturers sourcing components are keen to get components from fewer sources in future, this will lead to consolidation in the sector. Companies will have to focus on quality and abide by delivery schedules if they want to survive. 2. Trade Agreements The growing number of Free and invidious trade agreements being signed by India with countries like Thailand, Singapore and other ASEAN countries will hurt the cost competitiveness of Indian companies as Indian players play significantly higher duties than their Asian counterparts.Therefore, Indian companies might lose out on big orders if the duty structure is not rationalised. Competitiveness & placement of Major Rivals The Company is operating in a highly competitive market which may exerts pressure both on the top line as well as the bottom line of the company. The market structure is fragmented for a large number of ancillary products. The net profit fell 11. 5% year-on-year to Rs 247 crorein the quarter ended June 2012 on rising depreciation cost. Its competitor Motherson Sumi has recently acquired Peguform and Visiocorp and Vivek Chaand Sehgal and the acquisitions have reaped good returns so far.Its current turnover stands at Rs 15,000crore. WABCO India has reported a sales turnover of Rs 249. 29croreand a net profit of Rs 41. 84 crore for the quarter ended Jun 12. The slowdown in auto sales is having a cascading effect on ancillary units forcing them to to cut production as inventories have started piling up due to demand slump. Bosch is not the only auto component supplier to curtail production. Other companies such as Mother Sumi Systems, which supplies parts to Maruti Suzuki, have also seen a drop in demand.According to Automotive persona Manufacturers Association of India, growth of auto component industry is expected to slow down to 6-7% this year c ompared to 14% in 2011-12. As the growth is likely to be less, this might result in companies getting more competitive to get deals in their hand. Following are the few competitors of Bosch Ltd Name Last Price Market Cap. (Rs. cr. ) Sales Turnover Net Profit Total Assets Bosch 8,734. 75 27,426. 15 8,162. 06 1,122. 56 5,035. 57 Exide Industrie 151. 85 12,907. 25 5,111. 02 461. 17 3,057. 32 Motherson Sumi 160. 95 9,462. 9 3,587. 46 317. 17 2,152. 70 Amara Raja Batt 224. 30 3,831. 32 2,371. 03 215. 06 907. 54 WABCO India 1,629. 25 3,090. 29 1,045. 64 153. 40 529. 97 Amtek India 100. 15 2,771. 91 1,886. 62 151. 25 3,758. 02 Amtek Auto 88. 40 1,949. 64 2,368. 56 288. 13 7,533. 64 Federal-Mogul 204. 85 1,139. 62 1,151. 48 37. 46 569. 03 Wheels 745. 80 736. 06 2,077. 54 34. 35 555. 58 Sundaram-Clayton 185. 45 703. 51 1,033. 94 61. 17 620. 78 Automotive Axle 381. 90 577. 13 1,012. 49 57. 56 305. 65 Banco Products 65. 95 471. 67 559. 63 72. 43 417. 1 Jamna Auto 117. 20 462. 78 955. 58 42. 84 272. 62 PORTERS FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS Porters 5 forces and epitome of the competitive environment in this sector Threat of new entrants (Moderate) 1. De-licensing has opened the market new entrants. 2. However, there are still many barriers to entry for the auto components market. Initial capital is very huge in the organised market restricting smaller players. 3. Technology and quality demands are very stringent. 4. As OEMs bring to pass the largest customer segment, component manufacturers get into strategic long term relationships, esp. or high value items. 5. Other advantages to existing players include customer service and scattering network. We can conclude that threat of new entrants is moderate. Bargaining power of suppliers 1. Raw material cost comes to 50-60% of the total production cost. 2. Suppliers to the auto component sector include companies from the electronics, fabrication, plastic and rubber, casting/forging, machine tools industries. 3. Bargaining power is low for high technology products. 4. Unorganized sector dominates the domestic component market due to excise benefits. Generally, excess supply persists.Bargaining power of customers (High) Bargaining power of customers is very high. The demand for auto ancillary products in linked to automobile demand. Demand is derived from OEMs Low Margin Largest Demand, Stringent Requirements Replacement Market High Margin Presence of Small competitors with cheaper prices Exports High Margin Increasing Demand, Focus on Quality This means 1. The OEM market is very competitive and component manufacturers have to compromise on margins to bag bulk orders. 2. Moreover, delivery schedules and quality standards have to be adhered to very strictly.Companies operating in the export market face competition at a global level. Export demand is linked to the increasing acceptance towards outsourcing. In light of increased competition in the global market and oversupply situation, large auto manufacturers face d significant pressure on margins. Moreover, the imperative to invest in new product development increased. This resulted in global majors increasing budget for outsourcing of components in order to save cost. Threat of Substitutes (Low) The only substitutes to auto component manufacturers are organised component players working closely with RampD teams of OEMs.However, this threat is very low. The unorganised components market faces a greater threat as replacement market consumers are shifting to genuine components. Rivalry among Competitors (Moderate) Competition is moderate. At the domestic level, market structure is fragmented for a large number of ancillary products. Most companies adopt low cost and differentiation strategies. In some products (like batteries), only two or three companies control over 80% of the market. Competition in coming period is expected to intensify, as global players enter the market leading to consolidation.The dereservation of Small Scale Industries will result in access to capital and technology. EXTERNAL FACTOR EVALUATION MATRIX Key External Factors Weight Rating Wtd Score Opportunities Human Capital 0. 10 3 0. 30 Labour Cost 0. 10 1 0. 10 Domestic investment and growth 0. 05 2 0. 10 Continuous Improvement of Products 0. 10 3 0. 30 New Product Opportunities 0. 05 3 0. 15 Festive season 0. 05 4 0. 20 Threats Regulatory risks 0. 10 2 0. 20 Input cost and inflation 0. 10 1 0. 10 Currency risk 0. 05 1 0. 05 Lack of demand 0. 0 1 0. 10 Growth of Auto component sector to drop to 6-7% 0. 05 2 0. 10 Labour Strikes 0. 15 1 0. 15 Total 1. 00 1. 85 The weighted score of EFE matrix is 1. 85. The score shows that the company is not very effective in taking advantage of the existing opportunities along with minimizing the potential adverse effects of external threats. References 1. http//www. boschindia. com 2. www. moneycontrol. com 3. News Article http//online. wsj. com/clause/SB1000142405274870390980457512283 2895561158. html? mod=WSJ_latestheadlines 4. http//www. bosch. com

Novel Frankenstein Essay

The Novel Frankenstein is as relevant and terrifying today as it was when it was first published Explain How Mary Shelley makes her narrative effective and why it has fascinated and shocked audiences for nearly 190 years. Frankenstein is one of the most well known gothic horror stories. Frankenstein is set in the seventeen hundreds and was written by Mary Shelley. Mary Shelley wrote the book in 1816 and Frankenstein was first published in 1818. Mary Shelley blends gothic horror and romance which makes this novel world-famous and so successful.The novel has excessively been so successful because of the effective narrative Mary Shelley uses to shock and fascinate her readers. Such as the use of a lot of very detailed descriptive language and the use of trine narrators to get different emotions and feelings to the reader. During the nineteenth century, electricity was a relatively new invention. This meant that many scientists were testing the use of electricity with the body. Scienti sts judgment that Electricity could bring a dead person back to life. Erasmus Darwin suggested that this was possible.Mary Shelley was aware of a process called galvanism and a scientist named Luigi Galvani who had discovered that electricity flowed finished nerves meaning that when electricity was placed in certain places on a dead body or animal if would move and look want it was alive. Scientists were learning more and more about the human body and how it worked. The general public were very interested and fascinated by these discoveries. Mary Shelley was from the romantic period. The Romantics believed in the power of the imagination.They looked to nature for and saw awe and wonder in its majesty. They distanced themselves from the evils of capitalism and industrialism. This could throw away lead here to write this stratum to show people how messing with apprehension could lead to disaster, as it was messing with nature which was the main inspiration for the romantics. Mar y Shelley was from a very radical family with very strong beliefs. Her mother was a campaigner for women to have equal rights and her father was another political free-thinker.He said that as long as people acted sensibly, there would be no need for rules or laws. Her mother died 10 ten days after enceinte birth to her and Mary Shelley also lost her own daughter within 2 weeks of giving birth. The reader also experiences these feelings when Frankensteins mother dies, just like Mary Shelleys mother. This is a technique to get the reader to feel the same as Shelley did to make the novel seem more real. These could be the reasons why Mary Shelley was so obsessed with bringing the dead back to life and the inspiration croupe her novel Frankenstein.Mary Shelley got the inspiration for the novel in the snowy summer of 1816. In 1815 there had been an eruption from Tambora which had set the world into a long volcanic winter meaning that the summer of 1816 was a dark and cold one. Mary She lley and her husband Percy Shelley had visited Lord Byron at his villa by Lake Geneva in Switzerland. The weather was too cold to go outside and enjoy a normal summer, so Byron challenged Mary Shelley and his personal physician John Polidori to each compose a story of their own, and the winner would be whose story was the most terrifying.Mary Shelley got the idea for her novel when she had a half-waking nightmare, and then she wrote this down giving her the main inspiration for Frankenstein. Frankenstein is about a young student of natural philosophy called Victor Frankenstein. He is determined to find the secret of life, and when he does he creates a living creature. The monster is quieten and kind, but is abounded by Frankenstein because he looks too ugly this means he has to hide away from society as all who meet him are cowardly of him.As the monster is lonely and isolated, that causes him to take revenge on his creator. He does this by not killing him, but all the ones he lo ves and cares about. Frankenstein, having nothing cost living for, pursues his monster to the Artic in order to destroy him. This leads him to exhaustion and death, the monster then sees he is dead and then kills himself as it is the only place he can seek rest. The novel shows the horrible consequences of playing God and this is what makes the book fascinating, as it questions all the main beliefs of religion and the soul.The book is different as it has three narrators who are Frankenstein, Robert Walton and the monster. They all narrate and give the reader a different insight into the story, which makes the book very unique. This technique is very effective because as it gives a different insight into each character it can make the reader feel different emotions for each character. Such as when it is Victor Frankenstein telling us his own story, it makes the reader feel more sympathetic towards him because the reader experiences the tragedies and upsets that Frankenstein feels.

My father had told me that I should consider first my budget

I am so excited in buying my first car. fannyt wait to drive it As I was browsing through catalogues and asking friends and family Ive learned that there ar factors that I have to conceptualise in purchasing a car. I thought it was as easy as buying a chocolate bar at the store. My father had told me that I should consider first my budget. Whats the budget Ive al hookingted for my car? It was only then that I had thought ab reveal it. It seems that my budget wont match the car Ive dreamed of buying.So my father told me to think of the other factors, such as, look for a car that would fit my budget. Next is the quality of the car, interchangeable the engine and the body and lastly are the features of the car. What I did was look through the catalogues and brochures again. Write on a piece of paper the features I like and the strain of engine that fits my lifestyle. On the other side are the features of the cars Im looking at. Cross out the things that I dont like, and left out wha t I like and the things that match them.It was only then that I was able to choose the car that Ill be purchasing. But there are triplet options left, which I really have to think about and consider. I again consulted my father about it to finalize my decision. He told me to go and check out the cars that are in my list, Once youre there and check them youll know which one is for you. And I did went to check the cars out. I wasnt able to see the third choice for when I saw the second car I knew it was for me.As if it was calling me, when I approached it to check out the seats, the interiors and engine, I didnt waste any time at all and spoke to the car salesman. That afternoon I negotiated with the salesman and was able to bribe the car less than my budget. I felt so accomplished and victorious. The salesman told me to go keystone after a few days for the car. I called my father season I was walking out of the office, telling him what happened. He was just laughing while I was talking.I kept on talking as if I didnt hear he was laughing on the other line. When I was finished he said, Thats what I was telling you. Now you know what I was saying. And I can say that youre too proud and happy that you were able to purchase your first car on your own. When I heard that I just nodded and said, Thank you very much, Dad. I love you. It was such a fulfilling feeling that, I wont forget that experience. I go with the same process every time I would purchase something. Ive learned a lot from my father.

Ethics in Asia: a Study of Several Ethical Issues in Japan

Understanding personal credit line Ethics in Asia A sight of Several Ethical Issues in Japan, Ind sensationsia and Mongolia Anggita Putri, Nasa Lkhagvasuren, Takashi Ushijima Brigham Young University International line of credit moral philosophy has been an issue look fored and understood by companies, g overnment entities, NGOs, and separate institutions worldwide. Understanding business morality becomes more important as entities understand the signifi footce of cultural set in diametrical countries.De George (1997) describes that as business is going global and cultural determine are becoming more evident, it is more urgent for agreement on joint set that engender world trade and commerce possible without either party feeling or being exploited. This agreement on common values has been achieved on some scale and direct however, in many an(prenominal) an(prenominal) parts of the world, cultural values and circumstances usually still hold more weight in the decision process. This paper addresses several honest values in three representative Asian countries Japan, Indonesia, and Mongolia.The three countries are located in three different parts of Asia with difference in parsimony, social, and culture values. Therefore, distributively country has its own unique way of approaching and overcoming good issues. For each of the different issues, we testamenting provide background information and history and then we will discuss and develop the issue. First, the paper will address Nabakari-Kanrishoku (Nominal Manager) which is an ethical issue in the travelplace in Japan. Second, the paper will discuss gratification heavy(p) in local anesthetic and national government which is a prevalent ethical issue in Indonesia.Last, the paper will talk about the development of ethical standards in Mongolia. The conclusion of the paper will summarize the importance of understanding cultural aspects while implementing ethical standards in different countrie s, and discuss a some ethical theories that will help frame the ethical issues discussed. Japan Background Information Since the birth of the idea of Capitalism, a conflict of interests has existed between employers and employees. In general, employers veritable best nterest is to maximize their profits whereas, the employees interests are to receive takings out of the least work hours. However, without regulations, laws, or rules, historically, the conflict has tended to raise the employers. Therefore, working long hours has been one major(ip) ethical issue in workplaces all over the world, especially in capitalistic countries. Nabakari-Kanrishoku (nominal manager)-hereinafter referred to as NK- is a unique phenomenon in Japanese smart set which represents the working-long-hours ethical issue in Japan. advertize Standard Act (hereinafter referred to as LSA) prohibits that working hours exceed 40 hours per week unless (1) the agreement exists between the employer and the employ ee and approved by municipalities (Article 36) or (2) the employer pays overtime rate to the employee (Article 37). Ethical Issues in Workplace in Japan Nabakari-Kanrishoku (Nominal Manager) The dilemma exists between employers and employees under recession. Employers pick out to make sure their business runs befittingly and generates a sufficient meat of profits.In the case of a recession, employers/companies have to cut cost significantly because extend of revenue is rarely expected. In general, the large amount of expenditure is labor costs therefore, cut labor costs, such as layoffs, increase the workload of each employee. However, the increase of workload often causes overtime work for each employee and the increase of overtime premium adversely affects the cut labor costs (Mizuno, 2012). Therefore, employers/companies have to face the dilemma of how extensive their cut labor costs will be while also dealing with the increase in employee workload and overtime work.Respondin g to such a dilemma, NK emerged in the Japanese business identifying as a loophole of LSA when Japan started experiencing recession in the 1990s. LSA states that management representatives are non subjected to the work-hour regulation ratified by LSA article 32, which stipu new-fashioneds 40working-hours per week as a legal ceiling of weekly working-hours (Article 41). Therefore, some employers/companies promote and consider managers as management representatives to ward off the weekly working-hours regulation in order to have them overwork without an overtime premium.Those management representatives are often not credited with any authorization or allowance for the position. The media sarcastically began to call these management representatives Nabakari-Kanrishoku (nominal managers). Unethical Consequences of Nabakari-Kanrishoku The major reason why NK is an ethical issue is that employers/companies tend to soldiers NK to overwork. LSA is set up for balancing employer and empl oyee interests to protect employees health and human rights. Then, the relationship between employers and employees tends to favor the employers side without LSA regulation because of its power balance.NK is not protected by the LSA weekly working-hour regulation, so they are highly likely to overwork. The research conducted by JILPT (Japan Institute for Labor Policy and Training) indicates that most managers (60. 2 percent of department chief and 53. 4 percent of department head) feel their workload cannot be accomplished within their precondition working-hours (40 hours per week) so overwork is unavoidable (Ogura, 2009). NKs overwork often leads to two types of unethical consequences. One is that employers/companies do not pay an adequate amount of wages to employees who are NK and overworked.The different is that overworking NKs damages their health and causes them to be non-workable. Both types of unethical consequences are exposed by the lawsuit of McDonald Japan in 2008. Mr. Hiroshi Takano, former store manager of the McDonald Kousaka Branch, overworked for 136 hours in a month at maximum and worked 63 mean solar days in a row (Yashiro, 2009). Even though he had worked many hours as a store manager, he did not receive a premium and his wages ended up on the kindred level as his subordinates wages, who received overtime premium every month (Yashiro, 2009).After being overworked, he was diagnosed with an asymptomatic cerebral infarction payable to overwork and lack of sleep. Under such condition, employees cannot have a healthy, balanced life. The lack of healthy, balanced life then leads to negative imp make fors on their performance in the workplace therefore, employers/companies must avoid utilizing NK as their labor cost cut strategy in ethical and business management terms. When working at a Japanese Bar, Murasaki, one employee was obviously an NK.He was expected to work and run the bar even if there were enough employees to operate. He always ov erworked and rarely took a day off. He ended up quitting his job when he fell sick due to overwork, and the bar experienced a tough situation after he quit. Murasakis unethical management not only damaged one employee, but also its business administration. Indonesia Background Information Similar to any separate developing country, degeneration is a prevalent ethical issue in Indonesia. Corruption takes many forms and is practiced in all levels of government.Because Indonesia is a country with many islands with over 30 provinces, corruption is more common in some areas than in others. Srinivasan (2012) argued that there are two major categories of ethical issues societal, that consists of widespread corruption and weak legal enforcement systems, and organizational, that consists of creating corporate cultures within organizations that breeds ethical conduct. Both of these categories have happened in government institutions throughout Indonesia.Some major changes that the Indonesia n government has make are replacing employees, especially government institution managers that are guilty of corruption, changing the internal system and procedures of the institution, and encouraging citizens to help institution managers and staff to avoid corruption. One form of corruption that is very common in Indonesia is called gratification. Gratification in Local and National Government in Indonesia After the democratic alteration in 1998, Indonesia faced several presidential changes.When the current president was elected, he formed a national committee of corruption eradication (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi or KPK) to pass up corruption from all levels of government. Since it was formed, the committee has been able to identify and investigate corruption cases from top managers in the government. In 2010, the committee also did a survey to respect public sector integrity on a local and national level. The committee specifically focused on gratification cases using these i ndicators the monetary value of gratification, as well as the time, the convey , and the purpose of gratification giving.The committee strand that among 50 government institutions on both the national and local level that were surveyed, 24 of them have a lower integrity rate than the appointed standard integrity rate for the survey. Most institutions out of the 24 surveyed were at the local level. The giving of gratification happens when citizens pay extra fees to the institutions staff other than the established fees to quicken and complete their documentation process or to baffle certain permits so that they dont have to wait in line or to wait for a few days.The research also found that gratification often happens at the beginning of the documentation process. Gratification frequently occurs when obtaining citizenship cards and expression permits. For example, if a certain company wants to obtain a edifice permit, a representative of the company would give extra money to one of the staffs that process the document to either make sure that building permit is fudge within one day or to not disqualify the company if it misses some required papers.The committee also discovered that the working environment of institutions has an piece on whether citizens are likely to be involved in gratification giving. The committee argued that uncomfortable service environments and incomplete information cause citizens to be loth in processing their documents. This possibly creates external procedures by using a middle-man or giving gratification money to the institutions staff. Overcoming the IssueDe George (1997) quoted these sentences from the Wall track diary In May 1996, the United States proposed that the World Trade Organization (WTO) outlaw bribery on government projects. In reply, the Indonesian Trade and diligence Minister Tunky Ariwibowo said We do not have common standards on issues like corruption Any effort to relate them to trade will be detrimental to the functioning of the WTO in the future (Wall route Journal 6 May 1996 A14). As a comment to that reply, an editorial writer from the Wall Street Journal wrote a column entitled Is Corruption an Asian Virtue? Corruption is clearly not an Asian virtue. De George continued to say that both the Wall Street Journals question and the statement by the Indonesian Minister exemplify deep misunderstandings and differences between the two, and between the groups they represent. It is clearly difficult to pinpoint what kind of ethical values should be the same for every country because there are different factors that contribute to the development of the economy and society of a country. In the research done by the national committee of corruption eradication, 56 percent of citizens believes that gratification is not acceptable.However, many of the citizens do not fully understand the meaning of gratification, the ethical consequences of the issue, and are not assertive enough in stopping the practice. Most citizens agree that gratification is illegal and that it is something which needs to be cleard in order to create a system that is fair and effective for every citizen. Therefore, trainings and campaigns are needed for both the government institutions and the citizens in order for each group to control the discontinuation of gratification giving. Mongolia Background Information Mongolia is a landlocked country with a population of three million people.Mongolia was under strong Russian and Soviet influence therefore, Mongolian politics followed the same patterns as the Soviet politics of the time. After the breakdown of communist regimes in Eastern Europe in late 1989, Mongolia saw its own democratic revolution in early 1990, which led to a multi-party system, a new constitution in 1992, and a alteration to trade economy. The growth of the economy attracted more attention from foreign investors, whose interest in investing in the country has recently skyrocket ed due to the discovery of rich minerals in MongoliaEthical dilemmas in the work theater did not become a big issue until 1990.It was difficult for a lot of Mongolians to adapt to changes in the work field because people were used to being told what they should do at work. The Development of Ethical Standards in Mongolia As in any other country, gaining a deeper understanding of the Mongolian attitude towards business ethics depends to a large extent on knowledge of the local market condition and historical background. According to IMF, The Mongolian economy is growing rapidly from 9% to 14. 4%. With continuing economic progress and interest growth from foreign investors, business ethics are likely to increase in importance.Because some actions may be considered moral in one culture and viewed unethical in another, it is important to understand the ethical values of other countries. Choi & Zuzaan (2011) in Journal of Applied Ethics conducted a survey that identified the action and behavior of role models as a principal influence on unethical behavior in Mongolia. The result of the survey indicated that 45. 6 percent of the respondents said that unethical practices exist in their industry and 25. percent of the respondents wanted to eliminate cheating customers, dishonesty in making or keeping a contract, miscellaneous unfair competitive practices, and dishonest advertising. Giving of gifts, gratuities, and briberies are very common in Mongolian business practice, but 10. 7 percent of the survey respondents want to eliminate this unethical practice. Most international comparison agencies indicate that Mongolian companies make less effort in instilling ethical practices in their employees than in other Asian firms. However, the majority of managers in Mongolia (60. 8 percent) think their companies make an effort to some extent.The survey results show that nearly half of the companies rely on a code of ethics and do not think that companies shake off enough eff ort into building ethical values in their organizations. If companies can put more effort into building ethical values in their organizations, they will be more successful in implementing their organizations ethical values and feel more responsible to local communities. It is not uncommon for business managers to experience conflicts between their personal ethical beliefs and the interest of their companies. Almost half of company managers have experienced this type of conflict in their career.More than half of the managers responded that they would act depending on the situation. One of the main reasons managers make unethical decisions is often related to personal financial needs. As the Mongolian economy continues to develop, this is expected to diminish. Looking to the proximo How is todays level of ethical standards in Mongolia compare to ten years ago? Half of the respondent managers said that it has gotten better. For example, before the 1990s transition period, it was commo n for Mongolian children to drop out of school in order to help their parents herd privatized livestock.Helping parents with livestock was given greater importance than education because it helped families foregather wealth. Conversely, 90 percentof the total populations are high school or university graduates today. The transition resulted in making education more important in society and introducing ethics in school. Hopefully this gradual development will lead to a higher business ethic in society in the long run. Because Mongolia is a developing country, the country will continue to struggle with ethical values in the business field.However, Mongolians have already started to practice codes of ethics and training employees in ethics. Old, Mongolian tradition, the remaining tradition of the Soviet period, and the transitional process influences how Mongolians view their personal and business ethics. As the Mongolian economy grows and progresses, an increase in building ethical v alue will also come along with all the other practices. Conclusion Ethical theories, such as utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, and social contracts can also play into the decision making process. For example, the bribery case in Indonesia can relate to disclosure decision criteria.Think about if those that have been involved in bribery think twice before doing so and ask a question whether this decision will affect image and reputation if it goes public. They may have avoided giving gratification money and would encourage others not to do so. Take another example, what if the nominal managers use the dignity decision criteria? They may not force their employees to work long hours because it would mean treating the employees as a mean to an end in themselves, not just as a means. As discussed above, three different Asian countries presented different ethical issues.Nominal Manager may be a prevalent ethical issue in Japan but it may not be in Mongolia. Gratification giving i s very common in Indonesia but it may not be in Japan. De George (1997) argued that each economy is a combination of the countrys political system and cultural values. Consequently, ethical justifications differ from country to country. He further gave an example of Confucian values, which include co-operation over competition community over the individual paternalism over the market long-term over shortterm interests harmony over conflict and loyalty, harmony and respect over their opposites.These values could appropriately explain the transition in countries that uphold those values and why some countries, especially in Asia, view some ethical issues differently than other countries References Choi, T. , & Zuzaan, B. (2011). Business Ethics in Emerging Markets Evidence from Mongolia. Ramon Llull Journal of Applied Ethics 189-120. De George, R. T. (1997). Ethics, Corruption, and Doing Business in Asia. The Asia Pacific Journal of Economics & Business 1. 1 39-52, 114. Direktorat Pen elitian dan Pengembangan. (2011).Integritas Sektor Publik Indonesia Tahun 2010 Fakta Korupsi Dalam Layanan Publik Public Sector Integrity of Indonesia Year 2012 Corruption Facts in Public Sector. Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi Committee of Corruption Eradication. Health, mash, and Welfare Ministry of Japan. (n. d. ). Soumusho Hourei Deta Teikyou Shisutemu inseparable Affairs and Communications Ministry of Japans Legal Data Providing System. Retrieved 10 18, 2012, from Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry of Japan http//law. e-gov. go. jp/htmldata/S22/S22HO049. html Mizuno, Y. (2012, 1 10).Roudou Jikan House no Kadai to Kaikaku no Houkousei The working-hour legal problems and the direction of the restructure. RIETI Discussion Paper Series, 1-11. Ogura, K. (2009). Kanrishoku no Roudoujikan to Gyoumuryou no Oosa The meter of Managers working-hours and Workload. Nihon Roudou Kenkyu Zasshi Japan Labour Research Journal, 73-87. Srinivasan, Vasanthi. (2011). Business Ethics in Sou th and South East Asia. Journal of Business Ethics 73-81. Yashiro, A. (2009). Naze Nabakari Kanrishoku ga Umareru no ka? Why nominal managers emerged? . Nihon Roudou Kenkyu Zasshi Japan Labour Research Journal, 38-41.

Ethics and Corporate Responsibility Essay

Abstr dallyPharmaCARE is on of the worlds most successful pharmaceutical companies. This write up go out take a look at Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the regulate displace and the world and how PharmaCargon provided insight to their stakeholders CompCare and who takes on the overall honest and social responsibilities of the organization. The importances of the decisions made by management are discussed as well as the ability to make changes to support a more honorable proceed on environment. The ability to improve operations and turn a profit are explained by discussing managements requirements to abide by regulations governed by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Federal Drug Administration, Environmental breastplate Agency, Equal Employment Opportunity , Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act and former(a) regulatory policiesEthics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World IntroductionIntroductionThis p aper will examine PharmaCares ethical and social righteousness around its operations, products, and obligation to stakeholders. PharmaCare, a illustrious fortune 500 pharmaceutical corporation listed on the NASDAQ is wholeness of the companies that kick in all these initiatives in place. It is considered one of the most ethical and social responsible companies in the world due to m whatsoever initiatives it takes to commit to its responsibility to protect the environment and enhance the quality of life for millions around the world. In recent geezerhood, many companies take managed to become a benefit corporation (B-corporation).This effective form of corporation is to provide levelheaded protective cover to management that want to both maximize shareholder income and pursue a social or environmental agenda (Andre, 2012). This paradigm shift is due to consumers awareness, global warming and globalization in the line of descent world. All global companies relieve oneself developed ethical, environmental and sustainability policies for their employees, suppliers, contractors and other stakeholders to follow.Key characteristics of Stakeholders within the PharmaCARE scenarioPharmaCare has a legal obligation to all of these stakeholders. The Company needs the employees to carry out its day-to-day operation in so doing they may offer many incentives to keep the best employees. The suppliers are one of the main factors to this chain because they cast to provide the machinery or raw material because employees can produce a product. The shareholders, investors and creditors are the parties providing funding for PharmaCare to operate. humankind rights issues of the Colberias world versus that of its ExecutivesSeveral firms have faced legal suits due to the manner in which they have treated the public, workers, consumers, and the environment during their patronage activities. For instance, the competition bureau of Canada found Azko Nobel Chemicals BV guil ty and they were charged in the federal official greet of Canada on August 18, 2003. The company had taken part in a conspiracy to recreate market prices for a crucial food additive that was an essential ingredient for an important animal go and a chemical use that was in several commercial and consumer products. The company was fined $2.9 million by the court (American Bar Association, 2002).Many consumers as well as social interest groups believe that firms should non just aim at maximizing their profits but they also baffle into focus the social implications of their business activities. Social responsibility has been defined as acting with concern and sensitivity and the awareness of theimpact of your operations on others, especial(a)ly the disadvantaged (Entrepreneur, 2014). Some of the very basic ethical and social responsibility issues have been put within the contact of laws and regulations that will encourage business organizations to be in conformity to societal st andards, values, and attitudes. The borderline expectation for business managers is that they should abide to and uphold these rules and regulations (Griseri & Seppala, 2010). The majority of the legal and ethical issues that arise are as a result of choices that are deemed unethical, irresponsible, or otherwise acceptable by the society. It is however worth noting that not all actions that the society deems unethical may not necessarily be illegal since both legal and ethical issues are dynamic (Hines, 2000).In this case, the manner in which PharmaCARE has treated Colberias indigenous population falls within the definition of unethical practices as well as unacceptable merged behavior. To come with the company has unfair compensation policies that pay huge salaries to executives and exploit the rank-to-file workers. These workers receive unretentive salaries and are uncovered to harsh and unsafe working conditions. In addition, the company subjects the workers to unsafe workin g conditions. Recommend at least three (3) changes PharmaCARE can make to be more ethical going forward. Make stronger the connection among the rank-and-file military force and management. This will allow the corporation to come up with good tactical plan which will pass on the company in realizing its missions and goals. Contribute in various corporate social activities. This is though hiring Colberians and compensating them well.They should also work hard to improve Colberians standards of living. Follow the laid US laws to the letter, for instance, environmental laws as well as mental property la Assessing PharmaCAREs environmental initiative against the backdrop of its anti-environmental lobbying efforts and Colberian activities. PharmaCARE exposes its workers to unhealthy working conditions. Many of the employees have been falling sick as a result of inhaling toxic substances arising from the companys laboratories. Even with bounteous knowledge of the situation, the managem ent has refused to take any remedial action and the workers continue to suffer. Further, the company has been accused of preparation an unsafe drugto the market that has been associated with many cardiac deaths. As a result of these happenings, the companys purported environmental stewardship initiative will be rendered ineffective especially in the wake of the lobbying efforts against the companys operations in Colberia. The company has engaged in acts that may be considered unethical and socially unacceptable.PharmaCARE accordingly lacks the moral authority to spearhead environmental matters since its reputation in the public has been seriously damaged. In addition, the companys alleged mistreatment of its workers subjects it to sabotage of its environmental efforts especially when the workers health continue to deteriorate because of the companys negligence. Would PharmaCAREs actions be ethical with respect to the indigenous people of Colberia in accordance with the following et hical theories. Utilitarianism- PharmaCares uses Colberian intellectual property because it does maximize resources, but does not promote happiness. People in Colberian work so hard but still live in harsh conditions. They have no recreation and endure pain, which is a clear depiction of unhappiness. In addition, the workers who are members of the Colberian population suffer due to poor working conditions. PharmaCares actions were unethical. Deontology the company has an obligation to be morally responsible as well as provide healthy working conditions to the employees.The company had been informed of the dangers surrounding the drug production but failed to act accordingly to assist in reducing the risk. PharmaCares actions were unethical. Virtue ethical motive- Virtue ethics is person, rather than action based it looks at the virtue or moral character of the person carrying out an action, rather than at ethical duties and rules, or the consequences of particular actions (BBC, 20 09). Though PharmaCare was justified by intellectual property right to go ahead and carry out its duties, the activities were wrong and unethical since the character of company officials was interdict. PharmaCares actions were unethical. Ethics of care- by analyzing the companys actions based on ethics of care, the companys activities emerge as unethical. As an ethic grounded in voice and relationships, in the importance of everyone having a voice, being listened to carefully and heard with respect.An ethics of care directs our attention to the need for responsiveness in relationships and to the costs of losing connection with oneself or with others (Gilligan, 2011). Since the Colberian peoples response was negative by their complaining,the entire companys project was unethical. Your own moral / ethical compass- from a personal point of view, PhamaCare activities were unethical because it had the responsibility of carrying out thorough research before administering any drugs, provi ding decent working conditions to its employees and educating patients about the negative effects of the drug. Therefore, the fact that the company neglected its duties and received negative responses to activities carried out shows that it was unethical. PharmaCAREs actions with those of at least one (1) real-world company, whose corporateactivities led to ethical, environmental, or workplace synthetic rubber issues and financial loss.There are many examples of corporations that have been call out by the public on questions of ethics, environmental responsibility, workplace safety an d financial loss. There are six areas in particular where ethical issues arise in the organizations compensation conflicts of interest publications and solicitation financial integrity investment policies and duty and strategic management (Rhode & Packet, 2009). Some examples of outrageous unethical behavior by corporation the compare to PharmaCares actionsReferencesAndre, R. (2012). Assessing the ac countability of the benefit corporation Will this new graysector organization enhance corporate social responsibility?. ledger of Business Ethics ,110(1), 13-150. Retrieved from http//link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-012-1254-1Arenson, K. (1995, June 23). ex-united way leader gets 7 years for embezzlement. New YorkTimes. Retrieved from http//www.nytimes.com/1995/06/23/us/ex-united-way-leader-gets-7-years-for-embezzlement.htmlBBC. (2009). Ethics guide. Retrieved fromhttp//www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/introduction/virtue.shtmlEntrepreneur, A. (2014, August). Social responsibility. Entrpreneur, 8(19),Retrieved fromhttp//www.entrepreneur.com/encyclopedia/social-responsibilityFitzgerald, J. (2009, January 28). Treasury gets touchwood Eyes financial bailout abuse. BostonHerald. Retrieved from http//bostonherald.com/Gilligan, C. (2011, June 11). ethics of care. Retrieved fromhttp//ethicsofcare.org/interviews/carol-gilligan//virtue.shtmlGriseri, P., & Seppala, N. (2010). Business ethics a nd corporate social responsibility. AustraliaSouth-Western Cengage Learning.Hines, C. (2001, ). Localisation a global manifesto. Retrieved fromhttp//www.trabal.org/courses/pdf/localization.pdfPanjabikesan, R. (2010). Stakeholders characteristics and types. Retrieved fromhttp//toostep.com/insight/stakeholderscharacteristics-and-typesRhode, D. & Packet, A. (2009, June). Ethics and nonprofits. Stanford Social Innovation Review,11, Retrieved from http//www.ssireview.org/articles/entry/ethics_and_nonprofitsSims, R., & Brinkmann, J. (2003). Enron ethics (or culture matters more than codes). Journal ofBusiness Ethics, 45(3), 243,252. Retrieved fromhttp//www.ssireview.org/articles/entry/ethics_and_nonprofits

A Triple Bottom Line Analysis of Malta Essay

1.Introduction The state of Malta is located in the Mediterranean Sea. It is an independent earth, which includes the islands of Malta, Gozo and Comino, covering an argona of 316 squ be kilometres. The Republic of Malta has a commonwealth of 417,617 (National Statistics, Demographic Review 2010) most of who live on the island of Malta. Appendix 1 shows that touristry in Malta started to mother in the late 1960s with visitor come ins racket increasing from 47,804 in 1965 to 334,519 by 1975. By 1980 visitors numbers were up to 728,732, with the tourism industry aimed at attracting the vision market. (Lockhart, 1997)The latest tourist numbers stand at 1.3 zillion. (National Statistics, Tourist Departures, 2010) As with many Mediterranean islands Maltas tourism has been historically focused on mass tourism, sun, sea and sand package holidays resulting in the neglect of historical cultural and environmental impacts. (Dodds, 2007) The rapid knowledge of tourism in Malta combined with the high number of seasonal visitors has lead to number of impacts. These impacts can be accessed using the triple bottom line approach developed by John Elkington in rootage to the economic, social and environmental impacts. (Elkington, 1997)2.Issues When identifying the unfreezes that Malta is facing, the principles of the Cape Town Declaration, Agenda 21 and the context of Responsible Tourism stomach been used as point of reference as substantially as a number of authorised reports, including the State of the Environment Reports (2002, 1998 and 2005 and Maltas National Report to the World Summit on Sustainable culture (2002). On the basis of this research the following issues have been identified.2.1Economic Issues2.1.1Pressure on the island infrastructure The rapid development of the tourism industry in Malta has resulted in insufficient consideration and planning being given to the countrys infrastructure. Malta is a small island, yet its infrastructure, as previousl y mentioned now has to support its own population and the 1.3 million tourists. Despite the growing numbers of tourists, inadequate investment into the countrys infrastructure is still non in place. This is a common issue in many resorts infrastructures are unable to cope with the zeal of tourist visitation at top out periods of the year (Mathieson and Wall 1982) Maltas roadstead are of sorry condition. With congestion, noise and air pollution being an issue. The water supply, waste management, beaches and visitor attractions are stretched to capacity in the pass months each year when visitor numbers are at their peak. 2.1.2Seasonality of visitorsTourism in Malta is real seasonal, with the majority of incoming tourists arriving in the May to October period. In 2005, 68.4% of tourists arrived during these months, with 47.8% arriving during the months of July and September. (Appendix 2 shows Maltas Tourist Departures 2001-2005) This shows that tourist densities in Malta are very high during the peak season. In recent years the total number of tourists amounted to some three times as much as the resident population. (Briguglio and Briguglio, 1996)2.2Social Issues2.2.1Employment Maltas tourism industry operates 12 months of the year the seasonality causes issues for the Maltese citizens as employment within the tourism sector in non in effect(p) time. High tourist densities As previously mentioned, Malta has a densely populated country. The influx of visitors who arrive during the engross peak season, cause overcrowding and congestion, putting increased pressure on the already strained infrastructure. This creates discomfort for the topical anaesthetic residents. (Briguglio and Briguglio, 1996) as they are unable to use the topical anesthetic transport, visit places of interest or go to the beach. violate to historical places is caused with frequent visitor numbers with many of the important locations being in a state of decay2.3Environmental Issues2 .3.1Rapid increase in building work Building of tourist accommodation in Malta has increased at a very rapid rate as a result of intense development in certain areas (Briguglio and Briguglio, 1996). High rise concrete hotels have replaced the traditional Maltese houses, losing local culture and character. The increased construction work and development of the tourism industry as had a nix impact on the environment, as not enough commitment has been shown to the protection of the important habitats. The quarrying itself has an environmental impact, land degradation and dust pollution. The waste harvests left after construction, such as rubble, are not currently recycled, and are often dumped. (A Sustainable Development Strategy for the Maltese Islands, 2006) Also most of the buildings are not energy efficient, causing wasted energy and increased co2. Re crudeable energy has not been coordinated into many of the properties.2.3.2WasteThe sewage network in Malta is heavily taxed by the native population alone. (Briguglio and Briguglio, 1996). The high number of tourists increases this problem. This has had several knock-on effects including foul smells bays having to be closed for travel due to sewage pollution, degradation of botany and fauna as well as damage to the coastal and marine liveliness. Certain areas of Malta remain characterised by high levels of littering and dumping. (www.mepa.org.mt/ter08-resources+waste).2.3.3 urineFreshwater remains a scare national resource in Malta, particularly during the peak summer months due to the increased population density and arid climate. (www.mepa.org.mt/ter08-freshwater). Hotels use large amounts of water for swimming pools and watering gardens, which adds further pressure to the limited supply. Malta has a high dependence on desalinated water, which is expensive to bring out both from an economic and environmental point of view. Leakages from the distribution network are a problem as is the quality of the d rinking water.3PrioritiesThe main issues identified by the triple bottom line analysis of Malta are with the rapid development of the mass tourism sun, sea and sand market, consideration was not given to the countrys infrastructure. Future planning had not been put in place as to how the country would carry off with high numbers of visitors during the summer months, and what environmental effects this would have on the country. The priorities focus on the issues which pauperisation to be addressed.3.1 Investment in infrastructure Tourism is important to Maltas economy, it is therefore of the upmost grandeur that the infrastructure is improved, so that it is able to handle growing visitor numbers. Upgrade of the roads is necessary if the roads were in improved, it would reduce the congestion and noise problem, making the visitor experience better as well as being a much needed improvement for the local sight.3.2 Development of tourism product during the off peak season Malta curr ently depends heavily on the summer mass-tourism sun, sea and sand market. During the summer its visitor numbers are reaching capacity. Attention demand to be given to reducing seasonality through further development, education and marketing of the other facilities and attractions that Malta have to offer, encouraging existing summer visitors and potential new visitors to stay during off-peak season. This would benefit the local economy and the local people through full time employment, if the visitor numbers are spread throughout the year, local people would also not have the issue with overcrowding of local attractions. Finally the natural resources would also be better off if demand during the summer was less.3.3 Water and waste improvements Water supply and waste management establishments need to be addressedThe sewerage system needs to be addressed, currently most of effluents into the marine environment, which continues to have a detrimental effect on the environment as well as health threats to people using the sea. Littering, noise, clean water, lack of verdure and open spaces are among the factors that have an impact of Maltas natural heritage and negatively influence the battle of the overall Maltese product. If these matters are improved the experience for the tourist would be enhanced and the quality of life of the Maltese people would be enriched.Both are essential to sustain the current tourism industry, and flavour forward, these systems need to be invested in, if the tourism industry is to continue to grow.4.Conclusion Mass tourism cannot continue in Malta, as it has in other Mediterranean destinations, who have more space and resources to support such visitor numbers. Maltese Tourism must find a balance between increased tourism numbers with the needs of the local residents and the environment, so going forward it becomes more sustainable. Creating better places for people to live in and for people to visit. (The Cape Town Declaration, 2002 ).

Traditional Education vs. Online Education

Now days, with technology munificently available, schools are opting to implement online castes into their traditional teaching curriculum. As a result of this our society is divided in dickens different rooms of thinking on the education. nearly conceptualize the modern method is burst than the traditional method of teaching but yet these two methods are both successful. Person exclusivelyy, I believe both methods should balance wizard some other instead of attempting to shade one another this way their figure of educating leave behind be far much successful.Online education, in any case called vast distant necessitateing, can be be as a new method of information through with(predicate) a computer network. This modern way of teaching gives students an luck to take classes online. Bill Gates of late predicted that in five years just about colleges will be providing online education. The self-motivated learner will be on the Web, Mr. Gates said, speaking at the Te chonomy convention in Lake Tahoe. College needs to be less place-based. (Steve) Online courses allow students to rag course content, including reading lists and library materials, at any beat.This flexibility of online courses is primarily important for students who come two-year-old children, who are caring for ailing or elderly family members, who have full-time jobs, or who hold likewise far from campus. Flexible hours are also beneficial beca mathematical function it allow students to work at their own drive taking courses either part time or on an accelerated schedule. According to the article in the mod York Times, titled Study Finds That Online teaching method Beats Classroom, the SRI International for the subdivision of Education, conducted a research on online versus traditional classroom teaching from 1996 to 2008. around of the studies were conducted in colleges and adult continuing-education programs. Over the twelve year span, the Department of Education foun d that, on fairish students doing some or all of the course online would rank in the 59th percentile in tested exercise, compared with the come classroom student scoring in the 50th percentile (Lohr). According to Barbara Means, the studys draw author and an educational psychologist at SRI International, online education ultimate goal, is to put up learning experiences that are more orient to individual students than is manageable in classrooms.That enables more learning by doing, which many students find more attractive and useful. However, advocates of classroom learning believe the online method isolates the students from one another as well as their prof minimizing the overall value of taking the course. They also claim that students learn better when working together with their teacher and their leave outow classmates. Students learn better when they are given the opportunity to ask questions, join in class discussions, and they move the process of learning forward thr ough their participation. face to face advocates firmly believe that this kind of fundamental interaction is not possible over the Internet and for many types of education, e-learning will never meet the potential of live human interaction in the classroom. An article in the New York Times titled, Second Thoughts on Online Education, backs up the points made above. A recent research published by the National Bureau of Economic Research, comes to the windup A rush to online education whitethorn come at more of a cost than educators may suspect. A research funded by the National Science basis and the Education Department, consisted on comparing the social classs of one group online, and one in classroom lectures. The 312 students were undergraduates at a major state university. The data reason that certain groups did notably worse online. Such as, Latino students who took classes online fell nearly a full grade lower than Hispanic students that took the course in class. Male stude nts did about(predicate) a half-grade worse online, as did low-achievers, which had college grade-point averages infra the mean for the university.David Figlio, an economist at Northwestern University and co-author of the paper, has a few conclusions as to what accounts for the differences in outcomes. The poorer performance of males and lower-achievers, he says the time-shifting convenience of the Web made it easier for students to put mutilate viewing the lectures and cram just forrader the test, a tactic unlikely to produce the stovepipe possible results. The lower performance by Hispanic students online, Mr. Figlio said, might be due to missing the body wrangle of the teacher and other classroom cues, which could be more important to a student whose first speech communication is not English.The truth of the matter is that on that point are advantages and disadvantages to every type of learning environment. It is best to use the advantages that each method offers to their fullest extent. It appears from the initial studies, that a combination of online and classroom learning will be the best teaching method for educating a psyche for the better approaching of everyone. According to Judy Willis, The more regions of the brain that computer memory data about a subject, the more interconnection there is.This redundancy way students will have more opportunities to pull up all of those related bits of data from their multiple storage areas in reception to a single cue. This cross-referencing of data means we have learned, rather than just memorized. However, it is important to accentuate that learning highly depends on the students motivation to learn. So it still comes down to the effort that the students put into their education that lastly decides how beneficial the overall experience was to their future career.Traditional Education vs. Online EducationNow days, with technology generously available, schools are opting to implement online classes into their traditional teaching curriculum. As a result of this our society is divided in two different ways of thinking on the education. Some believe the modern method is better than the traditional method of teaching but yet these two methods are both successful. Personally, I believe both methods should balance one another instead of attempting to substitute one another this way their purpose of educating will be far more successful.Online education, also called long distant learning, can be defined as a new method of learning through a computer network. This modern way of teaching gives students an opportunity to take classes online. Bill Gates recently predicted that in five years most colleges will be providing online education. The self-motivated learner will be on the Web, Mr. Gates said, speaking at the Techonomy conference in Lake Tahoe. College needs to be less place-based. (Steve) Online courses allow students to access course content, including reading lists and librar y materials, at any time.This flexibility of online courses is primarily important for students who have young children, who are caring for ailing or elderly family members, who have full-time jobs, or who live too far from campus. Flexible hours are also beneficial because it allow students to work at their own speed taking courses either part time or on an accelerated schedule. According to the article in the New York Times, titled Study Finds That Online Education Beats Classroom, the SRI International for the Department of Education, conducted a research on online versus traditional classroom teaching from 1996 to 2008.Most of the studies were conducted in colleges and adult continuing-education programs. Over the twelve year span, the Department of Education found that, on average students doing some or all of the course online would rank in the 59th percentile in tested performance, compared with the average classroom student scoring in the 50th percentile (Lohr). According to Barbara Means, the studys lead author and an educational psychologist at SRI International, online education ultimate goal, is to provide learning experiences that are more tailored to individual students than is possible in classrooms.That enables more learning by doing, which many students find more engaging and useful. However, advocates of classroom learning believe the online method isolates the students from one another as well as their professor minimizing the overall value of taking the course. They also claim that students learn better when working together with their instructor and their fellow classmates. Students learn better when they are given the opportunity to ask questions, join in class discussions, and they move the process of learning forward through their participation.Face-to-face advocates firmly believe that this kind of interaction is not possible over the Internet and for many types of education, e-learning will never meet the potential of live human inter action in the classroom. An article in the New York Times titled, Second Thoughts on Online Education, backs up the points made above. A recent research published by the National Bureau of Economic Research, comes to the conclusion A rush to online education may come at more of a cost than educators may suspect. A research funded by the National Science Foundation and the Education Department, consisted on comparing the grades of one group online, and one in classroom lectures. The 312 students were undergraduates at a major state university. The data concluded that certain groups did notably worse online. Such as, Hispanic students who took classes online fell nearly a full grade lower than Hispanic students that took the course in class. Male students did about a half-grade worse online, as did low-achievers, which had college grade-point averages below the mean for the university.David Figlio, an economist at Northwestern University and co-author of the paper, has a few conclusio ns as to what accounts for the differences in outcomes. The poorer performance of males and lower-achievers, he says the time-shifting convenience of the Web made it easier for students to put off viewing the lectures and cram just before the test, a tactic unlikely to produce the best possible results. The lower performance by Hispanic students online, Mr. Figlio said, might be due to missing the body language of the teacher and other classroom cues, which could be more important to a student whose first language is not English.The truth of the matter is that there are advantages and disadvantages to every type of learning environment. It is best to use the advantages that each method offers to their fullest extent. It appears from the initial studies, that a combination of online and classroom learning will be the best teaching method for educating a person for the better future of everyone. According to Judy Willis, The more regions of the brain that store data about a subject, t he more interconnection there is.This redundancy means students will have more opportunities to pull up all of those related bits of data from their multiple storage areas in response to a single cue. This cross-referencing of data means we have learned, rather than just memorized. However, it is important to accentuate that learning highly depends on the students motivation to learn. So it still comes down to the effort that the students put into their education that ultimately decides how beneficial the overall experience was to their future career.